La presentación oral: 13 Ways to Teach it for AP Spanish Success

At the beginning of the course, I hand out instructions for a culture project. Students must do a Google search to find cultural practices or traditions of a Spanish-speaking country. They can either choose from articles in the textbook or find their own. If they select a tradition not in the text, I must approve their choices.

I hand out and explain the instructions, so students know the requirements.

THE PRESENTATION MUST:

• Have a visual component.
• Be five minutes long.
• Include comprehension questions for the class.
• Include a quiz for the class.
• Include an additional two-minute oral presentation comparing the cultural practice with one in their own country.

While the student talks, the observers take notes. Whenever students give presentations, I also include a graded, listening component for the observers so no one is sitting idly; students are always practicing their Spanish language skills, either speaking or listening. In this case, the students must evaluate la presentación oral according to the rubric, and answer comprehension questions in the student-created quiz.

After the presentations, the observers ask the presenter questions about his or her speech, then take the quiz.

Want more details? Click the following link to access the culture project I use: LA PRESENTACIÓN ORAL CULTURE PROJECT. These instructions are for Triángulo aprobado, but you can use them with Vista Higher Learning or any other textbook or test-practice booklet. Just replace the titles where appropriate.

2. TELL STUDENTS THE LEARNING GOAL

When I was a new teacher, I would anxiously sit down to grade a project and then feel my disappointed heart sink to my toes as I read each submission. How did the students miss the target by so great a distance? Because I had assumed they knew what I expected. Surely they knew they needed to include what to me were obvious elements. But they didn’t.

Students need to know exactly what is required of them. With that goal in mind, I tell them, at the beginning, what the learning objectives are. Then I give them the rubric with even more details. Below is the learning goal I give my students for the presentación oral comparing the grading system in the U.S. to that of a Spanish-speaking country:

Given a rubric of the oral presentation, vocabulary of comparisons, a PowerPoint on the Oral Presentation, and information on grading systems, students will do a two-minute oral presentation comparing the grading system of one Spanish-speaking country to the grading system in the United States.

HERE IS ANOTHER LEARNING GOAL:

Given information on Cartagena and Macchu Picchu, students will do an oral presentation comparing an American tourist attraction to Machu Picchu or Cartagena.

These topics were in the cultural texts of our AP Spanish test-prep booklet.

3. STUDENTS PRACTICE VOCABULARY FOR COMPARISONS AND FOR THE WRITTEN TEXT

Before students attempt to discuss the differences and similarities of various cultures, they need to have the vocabulary to do so; they need to know how to make comparisons in Spanish, and they need to know the vocabulary specific to the given topic.

I hand out a list of words and phrases students need in order to make comparisons and also vocabulary of challenging words from the text we will be reading.

The words don’t automatically become part of the students’ working vocabulary just because I handed them the list of words. They need to practice the vocabulary, to see the words in context, and to let them percolate in their brains (recognition phase). Then they draw a representation of the words, write the definition, and use them in context themselves (productive).

Below is part of the list of comparisons I give my Spanish students.

Vocabulario para la comparación

• Por un lado                                    On the one hand
• Por otro lado                                 On the other hand
• En comparación con                    In comparison with
• Si se compara…con                      If one compares…with
• Es cada vez más                           It’s more and more
• Es cada vez menos                       It’s less and less
• Mientras que X…                          While X…
• Se parece a…                                 It is similar to
• Se diferencia en                            It differs in that
• Mejor / peor queue                       Better / worse than
• Aunque…                                      Although / even though
• A la inversa                                  Conversely
• De manera different                   Differently
• Sin embargo                                However

For example, I might say the following: Escojan dos palabras del vocabulario en la página 112. Hagan los cuadros y escriban una oración para cada palabra.

Students draw a square with four boxes. Sometimes, instead of writing sentences in the last box, I tell them to write synonyms in Spanish. Below is the demonstration I show them before instructing them to practice with the vocabulary.

4. LA PRESENTACIÓN ORAL: LAS INSTRUCCIONES

LEARNING TARGET: Students will plan and produce spoken presentational communications.

After students practice the vocabulary, we read the instructions and the exam description together, in Spanish, so they understand the requirements:

• They will have four minutes to read the topic and prepare their presentation.
• They will have two minutes to record their presentation.
• They will need to use the formal register.
• They will be comparing cultural characteristics / practices, traditions of the community in which they live with those of a Spanish-speaking country or Spanish-speaking communities with which they are familiar.
• They can use any of the following examples: information they have read, heard, or seen, or personal experiences or observations.

5. STUDENTS MUST ORGANIZE THEIR ORAL PRESENTATION

It is essential that students learn to organize their presentations, or they will not succeed on the exam. Organizing helps them think better and it also helps them stay within the time constraints.

In order to organize their speech, they must:

• Begin with a thesis statement that answers the question.
• Include words of the question in their thesis statement.
• Include developing paragraphs and a conclusion.
• Use a graphic organizer to prepare: I show students how to use a Venn Diagram and also a T graphic. On one side, students put the differences, on the other side, the similarities.

6. RUBRIC FOR PRESENTATIONAL SPEAKING

I read the College Board rubric for AP Spanish Presentational Speaking with the students so they know how they will be evaluated.

7. SHOW THE POWERPOINT

Then, I show my PowerPoint, which repeats the instructions (once isn’t enough) and gives more details of what is required. Below are a few examples of what students learn when watching the PowerPoint.

STUDENTS MUST:

• Demonstrate knowledge of the culture of a Spanish-speaking country.
• Speak fluidly.
• Provide details of the culture.
• Make themselves understood, speak with varied vocabulary and idiomatic expressions.
• Speak with good pronunciation.
• Correct themselves as they are speaking when they make mistakes.
• Commit few grammatical errors
• Read the question thoroughly.
• Use pausing or transition words to give them time to think such as, “así que, pues, entonces, además…”

The PowerPoint also shows several example introductions and thesis statements for a given cultural comparison including reasons number one and two. It also shows model text for developing paragraphs and a conclusion.

8. STUDENTS EVALUATE USING THE RUBRIC OR A CHECKLIST

After showing the PowerPoint, I give students a checklist of the required elements. After they read the model presentation, I check for understanding by asking students what the requirements are for a good presentation.

Then, students evaluate the model presentation according to the rubric or checklist using the college board grading system: They give an exam score of 1-5. (My checklist was created using the AP Spanish rubric for presentational speaking.)

An easy way to give students an idea of what a grade of 5 looks like is to have them listen to past exams and guess the score. Students hear presentations of scores ranging from 1 to 5. They then evaluate the presentation using a checklist. Once they guess, I show them what the real score was.

9. SELF-CORRECTING

I train students how to correct themselves during the presentation to improve fluidity and help them sound more like a native speaker. For example, I teach the vocabulary they will need when they misspeak, such as, “Es decir, mejor dicho, o sea, digo”.

10. READ THE CULTURAL NOTE

I read the cultural note in the textbook, test-practice booklet, or text I have provided. For example, I say: Lee la “Cápsula cultural: En las terrazas de Cuzco se puede cultivar más que hortalizas” en la página 111 en Triángulo aprobado.

Then I read the question. For example: Comparaciones: Compara la atracción turística de Machu Picchu con un sitio de tu país o comunidad.

11. SOLICIT DIFFERENCES AND SIMILARITIES USING THE GRAPHIC ORGANIZERS

I solicit “semejanzas y diferencias”. I write in students’ answers on a transparency (Boy am I old), smart board or whiteboard. Students take notes in their graphic organizer.

12. STUDENTS PRACTICE WITH A PARTNER

Working with a partner greatly decreases student anxiety and makes the task more fun. Also, students have the advantage of a peer tutor.

The first time students work on the oral presentation, I give them a full ten minutes to prepare. The more proficient they become in organizing their comparisons, the less time I give them. The last few months before the AP Spanish exam, students listen to the audio prompts which only allow four minutes to prepare.

13. STUDENTS PRESENT WITH PARTNERS AND EVALUATE EACH OTHER

Students now give their oral presentations using Google Voice, Audacity, or online using the publisher’s site. I time them for two minutes using a stopwatch.

One student at a time gives the presentation while the partner evaluates using the checklist. Students turn in the checklist.

I ask for two volunteers to present before the class for extra points. The entire class grades them according to the checklist.

14. BE EFFICIENT WITH TIME

Did I say 13 ways? Here is #14.

Time is always beating me with a whip as I prepare my students to pass the test. Therefore, I must find ways to use my time efficiently. A great way to save time is to work on two sections of the AP exam simultaneously. I instruct half the class to work on the oral presentation and the other half to work on the simulated conversation for the current AP Spanish theme, for example: Contemporary Life, or Global Challenges. Half the students are doing practice tests for presentational speaking while the other half works on interpersonal speaking. For example:

• Half the class does Conversación simulada p. 117 on Audacity or the Learning Site.
• The other half of the class does oral presentation on Google Voice or the Learning Site.
• Then they switch.
• The Spanish teacher times the oral presentation for two minutes. Remember to tell the test takers to say their name and let a few seconds pass first and to say who they are when using Google Voice.

If you would rather not do all the work yourself, you can use the Oral Presentation PowerPoint and Activities for AP Spanish Language and Culture to help students master la presentación oral portion of the AP Spanish exam. This valuable resource includes everything I have mentioned in this post.

These resources can be used with Triángulo aprobado Spanish Language books or Vista Higher Learning booklets or any AP Spanish Test-prep books. Google Slides digital versions are available, too.

The 28-slide Presentación Oral PowerPoint for AP Spanish includes the following:

• Instructions on how to do a cultural oral presentation for AP Spanish
• Required elements of an oral presentation
• A sample cultural question taken from Triángulo aprobado
• Two sample graphic organizers for the “presentación oral”
• Instructions on how to write the “oración de tesis” and how to organize the “presentación oral”
• A sample cultural oral presentation with the components labeled
• Expressions for self-correction
• Expressions for pausing and transition
• 24 words and expressions useful for making comparisons
• Four possible introductions
• Three possible “oraciones de tesis”
• Two sample developing paragraphs
• A sample conclusion
• Instructions for writing the conclusion

The printables include the following:

• a checklist for self-correction or partner correction
• a lesson plan for the oral presentation following the EDI format: the learning objective, attention-getter, tension, explain/model/demonstrate, checking for understanding, guided practice, closure, independent practice/homework, and items needed to present the lesson
• a graphic organizer
• a handout of vocabulary for making comparisons
• the password to open the PowerPoint YOU WILL NEED MICROSOFT OFFICE 2002 in order to access the password-protected PowerPoint.

This PowerPoint and Activities is included in the following bundle: AP SPANISH POWERPOINTS

How do AP Spanish students record their simulated conversations and oral presentations?

So many of you have asked me what my students use to record their presentations. I will tell you what I used and also what other teachers use, so you have many options.


BELOW ARE WAYS STUDENTS CAN RECORD:
 

• Google Voice (What I used)
• Vocaroo Online Voice Recorder (It’s free and I’ve heard great things about it.)
• Extempore
• Flip (Used to be FlipGrid.)
• Schoology, Canvas, or any LMS (Learning Management System) your school is using.
• Audacity (I have used this as well.)
• Vista Higher Learning SuperSite
• Student Phones (Voice Memo or Recording App)
• Padlet
• Mote
• Google MP3 in Google Classroom

READY-MADE LESSON PLANS THAT DO EVERYTHING FOR YOU

If you don’t want to write the lesson plans yourself, use the ready-made lesson plans below. They do everything for you! And you can have confidence in them since all my students passed the AP Spanish Language and Culture Exam except one during the five years I taught AP Spanish.

AP Spanish Lesson Plans and Curriculum for Tríangulo aprobado

AP Spanish Lesson Plans and Curriculum for Vista Higher Learning

Would you like more free resources for AP Spanish? And more tips on how to teach it? Click on the links below.

F-R-E-E Lesson on the Argumentative Essay for Presentational Writing (Previously called the Persuasive Essay)

Simple Tips on How to Teach the AP Spanish Email Reply for Interpersonal Writing

How to Teach the Argumentative Essay

Why I Teach AP Spanish the Way I Do

What do I Teach After the AP Spanish Language and Culture Exam?

I hope this post has given you some ideas to help your students master la presentación oral section of the AP Spanish exam. If you found this post helpful, send the link to a friend!

If you’d like to get more tips and f-r-e-e resources in your email, subscribe to my newsletter. Just click this link and scroll to the bottom to subscribe: Best PowerPoints for Spanish and French by Angie Torre. You’ll also get a F-R-E-E 122-slide PowerPoint on Spanish verbs and infinitives.

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